are private legal rights that protect the creation of the human mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in trade. They are commonly divided into two categories: Industrial Property rights (e.g. patents, trade marks, industrial designs…) and Copyright and Related rights (e.g. rights of authors/creators and those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of broadcasters in their radio and television programmes).